Preparation of 4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylaniline

Product Name: 4-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)anilineMolecular Formula: C7H5F3N2O2
Molecular Weight: 206.12g/mol
Mol File: 393-11-3.mol 
EINECS: 206-884-6
Melting Point: 125-129 C(lit.)
Boiling point: 326.4 C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 151.2 C 
Density: 1.503 g/cm3 
Index of Refraction: 1.525  Molar Refractivity: 42.01 cm3  
Molar Volume: 137 cm3  
Surface Tension: 40.5 dyne/cm 
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 56.86 kJ/mol 
Vapour Pressure: 0.000216 mmHg at 25C
H-Bond Donor: 1
H-Bond Acceptor: 6
Structure Descriptors of 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-nitroanilide (CAS NO.393-11-3):
IUPAC Name: 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline 
Canonical SMILES: C1=CC(=C(C=C1N)C(F)(F)F)[N+](=O)[O-]
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H5F3N2O2/c8-7(9,10)5-3-4(11)1-2-6(5)12(13)14/h1-3H,11H2  
InChIKey: UTKUVRNVYFTEHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Product Categories: Trifluoromethylbenzene serise; Anilines, Aromatic Amines and Nitro Compounds; Amines; Phenyls & Phenyl-Het; Phenyls & Phenyl-Het 

Preparation of 4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylaniline

A solution of 3.82 g(0.02 mol) of 3-trifluoromethylnitrobenzene, 3.3 g(0.02 mol) of N,N-diethylthiocarbamoylsulphenamide and 0.8 ml (0.02 mol) of methanol in 15 ml of dimethylformamide was added dropwise to a stirred suspension of 4 g (0.1 mol) of sodium hydroxide in 40 ml of dry liquid ammonia.

During the addition the mixture was cooled externally to ensure only slight refluxing of ammonia. After the addition was complete (after 10 minutes) the mixture was stirred at -30C to -33C. for 6 hours and ammonia was evaporated until the temperature of the mixture reached 0C. The mixture was then cooled to -10C. and 120 ml of water were added dropwise while keeping the temperature below +15C. 3 ml of light petroleum were added to protect the mixture from exposure to air and the whole mixture was then stirred for 15 mins. and left to stand overnight.

The precipitate was filtered and air-dried to give 3.5 g (85%) of the product which had a melting point of 85C-89C. It consisted of 92-93% of the required 4-nitro-2-trifluoromethylaniline which was contaminated with 4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylaniline produced from the 2-trifluoromethylnitrobenzene which had contaminated the starting material. According to 1 H-NMR (200 MHz) the product contained less than 1% of the disulphide.

The aqueous filtrate was added dropwise to a stirred mixture comprising 20 ml of 25% aqueous ammonina and 23 ml of 0.95N NaOCl at -12C to -15C. over a period of 20 mins. After subsequent stirring for 30 mins. at the same temperature the solid was filtered off, dissolved in methylene chloride, the solution was dried with anhydrous Na2 SO4 and the solvent was evaporated to give 2.8 g of N,N-diethylthiocarbamoylsulphenamide (85%) in the form of a solidifying oil.

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