Summary of Chromic acid

Chromic acid is a kind of dark red crystals or powder, Density 2.67 g/cm3, Melting point 385 F . Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat the containers may explode. Highly toxic, A confirmed human carcinogen. It is deliquescent, water soluble, and giving acidic solutions. The Molecular Formula is CrO3, Formula Weight is 99.99, and the CAS NO is 1333-82-0.

Chromic acid is a powerful oxidizing agent. It can react violently upon contact with reducing reagents, including organic matter, leading to ignition or explosion. Dangerously reactive with acetone, alcohols, alkali metals (sodium, potassium), ammonia, arsenic, dimethylformamide, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus, peroxyformic acid, pyridine, selenium, sulfur, and many other chemicals. 

Chromic acid(CAS NO:1333-82-0) is noncombustible but can accelerate the burning of combustible materials. Sufficient heat may be generated from the reaction with combustible materials to ignite the mass. Aqueous solutions corrode many metals rapidly. It is often mixed with sulfuric acid to make "cleaning solution" for glass. Used cleaning solution in closed bottles may explode due to the build up of gaseous carbon dioxide arising from oxidation of organic impurities.

Chromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating, and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass. Because a solution of chromic acid in sulfuric acid (also known as a sulfochromic mixture or chromosulfuric acid) is a powerful oxidizing agent, it can be used to clean laboratory glassware, particularly of otherwise insoluble organic residues. This application has declined due to environmental concerns. Furthermore the acid leaves trace amounts of paramagnetic chromic ions that can interfere with certain applications, such as NMR spectroscopy. This is especially the case for NMR tubes.

Chromic acid was widely used in the instrument repair industry, due to its ability to "brighten" raw brass. A chromic acid dip leaves behind a bright yellow patina on the brass. Due to growing health and environmental concerns, many have discontinued use of this chemical in their repair shops.

In organic chemistry, dilute solutions of chromic acid can be used to oxidize primary or secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones. Tertiary alcohol groups are unaffected. Because of the oxidation is signaled by a color change from orange to a blue-green, chromic acid is used as a qualitative analytical test for the presence of primary or secondary alcohols.

Toxic by ingestion. Inhalation of Chromic acid dust is toxic. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Contact with Chromic acid may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Run off from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. Chromic acid will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. May explode from heat or contamination. Some may burn rapidly. Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

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