The Environmental Assessment of Diflubenzuron

Diflubenzuron is a kind of colorless to yellow crystals, the Density is 1.56, Melting Point is 230-232 C, we should store it in the temperaure of 0-6 C.The Molecular Formula is C14H9ClF2N2O2, Molecular Weight is 310.683, and the CAS Registry Number is 35367-38-5.

Diflubenzuron is a benzoylurea-type insecticide of the benzamide class. It is used in forest management and on field crops to selectively control insect pests, particularly forest tent caterpillar moths, boll weevils, gypsy moths, and other types of moths. The mechanism of action of diflubenzuron involves inhibiting the production of chitin which is used by an insect to build its exoskeleton.

Diflubenzuron(CAS NO: 35367-38-5) appears to be relatively non-persistent and immobile under normal use conditions. The major route of dissipation appears to be biotic processes (half-life of approximately 2 days for aerobic soil metabolism). Diflubenzuron is stable to hydrolysis and photolysis.

Available data indicate that it is unlikely that diflubenzuron will contaminate ground water or surface water. Additional data are needed to confirm this conclusion.One of the metabolites of diflubenzuron, 4-chloroaniline, has been classified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as a probable human carcinogen.

Diflubenzuron is practically non-toxic to avian species, small mammals, freshwater fish and marine/estuarine fish on an acute oral dietary basis, while it is slightly toxic to avian species on a subacute dietary basis.

Diflubenzuron is non-toxic to bees. The results indicate that diflubenzuron is very highly toxic to freshwater aquatic invertebrates, including marine/estuarine crustacea, while it is highly toxic to marine/estuarine mollusks. The results indicate that diflubenzuron affects reproduction, growth and survival in freshwater invertebrates as well as reproduction in marine/estuarine invertebrates.

The risk assessment conducted using available data indicates that levels of concern are not exceeded for avian species, mammals, insects or freshwater fish. Although the use of diflubenzuron is expected to cause some adverse chronic effects to estuarine/marine fish at the highest application rate (forestry), these effects are not as widespread as those associated with freshwater and estuarine/marine invertebrates. 

The use of diflubenzuron is expected to cause adverse acute and chronic effects to both freshwater and estuarine/marine invertebrates, including endangered species. The risk to aquatic invertebrates is also expected to be substantial when diflubenzuron is applied to control mosquito larvae. Since this use involves direct application to water and/or near water, no mitigation is currently proposed.

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